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ROMs can be duplicated from your original Apple computer in the form of binary files - usually the Apple, disk-drive and serial ROMs. As such, many of the emulator packages listed below do not include the ROMs required to emulate an Apple ][. ROM contains the programs which give the Apple II its unique identity and enables it to understand and respond appropriately to the commands you type in at the keyboard." (p.4) Every computer contains ROMs, and understandably, they are copyrighted by the manufacturer. These are the three main types which are standard to most emulators.įor further information on disk-images, please refer to Chapter 6 of this guide.Īccording to the 'Apple II User's Guide', the read-only memory (ROM) "contents never change, even when you turn the power off.
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Disk-images are used to trick the emulator software into thinking that there is an Apple ][ drive alone supports DOS and ProDOS structuring, as well as a Nibble format which included half and quarter tracks used in some software as copy-protection. Although the diskette media itself is the same, the method used to store data on it is totally different. Whereas modern computers use images to transfer physical diskettes electronically, emulators use disk-images because the original media is not compatible with the modern disk drives. None of these image types are compatible with each other.Įmulators use disk-images for a totally different purpose. Finally, the Amiga uses DiskMasher images.
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The PC uses WinImage (which is compatible with DiskCopyFast in DOS). Apple distributes its system software in DiskCopy image format (which is compatible with programs such as ShrinkWrap and MountImage allowing the image to be accessed like a real disk from the Finder). All of the modern computing platforms use disk-images for storing and transferring disks over electronic networks (such as the Internet). volume name, original file dates), physical diskettes may become defective, it makes duplication of master-diskettes easier, disk-images can be stored on hard- disks eliminating the need for unwieldy numbers of diskettes, etc. In everyday use, this is useful because of a number of factors - an "image" of a diskette retains more information than an archived copy (eg.
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Period.Ī disk-image is a track-by-track copy of a physical diskette made to a fixed volume as a software file basically there is little difference between it and a compressed archive (eg. The 16-bit IIgs emulators coming into use now need the latest processors (Pentium or PowerPC chips).Īpple II 5.25" diskettes are not compatible with that 5.25" floppy in the front of your PC. At this point, it takes the processing power of a 486DX2/66 or 68030 CPU to comfortably emulate a 1MHz 6502 (the CPU of the 8-bit Apple ][). Efficient emulation of the Apple on modern machines is really only possible because of the expanding power of computers. Emulators can use a large percentage of your physical computer's resources during operation. If the concept of emulation sounds too good to be true - that's probably because it is. Along with a software copy of the ROM (see below) the emulator can use the resources of your physical computer to mimic an Apple! The original instruction-set of the Apple's CPU is duplicated at the core of the emulator as software, and around this is built further emulation of storage devices (usually disk-drives) and translation so that the virtual-machine can use your physical computer's keyboard, display screen, RAM and sound features. Early home computers contained a number of basic hardware components - the ROM (hard-coded software, like a computer-game cartridge), the RAM (writeable application memory) and the CPU (the microprocessor which executes machine-language programs).
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